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The Editors’ views: Drug Target Review’s 2020 round-up
The Junior Editors of Drug Target Review, Victoria Rees and Hannah Balfour, discuss some of the most noteworthy news and announcements from this year.
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US National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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Lysosomes key to coronavirus shedding, finds study
Scientists reveal that coronaviruses de-activate lysosomes before using them to exit infected cells and spread through the body.
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NIH to support 85 highly innovative research projects
The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) will award a total of $251 million over five years to 85 high-risk, high-reward biomedical or behavioural research projects.
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2020 Nobel Prize goes to discoverers of hepatitis C
The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been bestowed upon researchers who helped identify the hepatitis C virus in the 1970s.
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Researchers map pathoconnectome of eye disease and retinal circuitry
Scientists have produced the first pathoconnectome - an open access map for other researchers that shows how eye disease can alter retinal circuitry.
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New set of channels between malaria parasite and blood cells discovered
A team has discovered channels that enable the transport of lipids between the malaria parasite and red blood cells during infection.
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New insights into human and mouse genomes published in NIH study
The third phase of the ENCODE project has been released, with new information on genes and their potential regulators in their respective genomes.
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Five of the most recent microscopy developments
Drug Target Review highlights five of the latest imaging advancements in the field of microscopy.
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Novel compound could treat type 2 diabetes without common side effects
Two molecules combined into a new substance to treat type 2 diabetes lowered blood sugar in shrew models without causing nausea, vomiting and weight loss.
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CD47 blockade could work as immunotherapy across multiple diseases
Researchers have demonstrated that blocking CD47-mediated signalling in mice can enhance the speed of pathogen clearance, presenting a new potential form of immunotherapy.
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Potential for Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccine through lipoprotein removal, finds study
A new study has shown that effective and safe M. pneumoniae vaccine could be possible by removing certain lipoproteins from the bacteria.
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Researchers find microglia are key to protecting brain from viral infection
The team found microglia and CD8 T cells were vital to protecting neurons from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection and suggest loss of taste and smell in COVID-19 could be due to a certain mechanism of infection.
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3D map of the heart’s intracardiac nervous system (ICN) revealed
The 3D map, created using Knife-Edge Scanning Microscopy and analysed using laser capture microdissection, reveals new insights about the nervous control of the heart.
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Mapping SARS-CoV-2 infection in the airway
Researchers found there is a gradient of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity down the airway and that the severe pneumonia symptoms may be caused by aspiration of oral contents into the lungs.
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Oxford University and NIH COVID-19 vaccine shows success in rhesus macaques
A vaccine currently in Phase I clinical trials was effective at inducing immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and rhesus macaques.
